The remains of a mummy, believed to be from the Manchay culture which developed in the valleys of Lima between 1,500 and 1,000 BCE, are pictured at the excavation site of a pre-Hispanic burial, in Lima, Peru June 14, 2023. STRINGER / REUTERS

Archaeologists have found a pre-Hispanic mummy surrounded by coca leaves on top of a hill in Peru's capital next to the practice field of a professional soccer club.

A team from The Associated Press on Thursday viewed the skeleton with long black hair lying face up with its lower extremities tied with a rope braided from vines of vegetable origin. Stones surrounded the mummy buried three feet down.

Miguel Aguilar, a professor of archaeology at Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, said the mummy was buried in a ritual that included coca leaves and seashells.

The person "had been left or offered (as a sacrifice) during the last phase of the construction of this temple," Aguilar said, according to Reuters. "It is approximately 3,000 years old."

The burial was on top of a destroyed U-shaped clay temple, a characteristic of some pre-Hispanic buildings. The mummy has not yet been subjected to radiocarbon dating to determine its exact age, Aguilar said.

He said old fly eggs were found next to the male skeleton, leading them to believe the body was exposed for at least several days before being covered with dirt.

It was found in Rímac, a district separated by a river of the same name from the oldest part of Lima. Aguilar also heads the Historical and Cultural Center of the Municipality of Rímac.

Pieter Van Dalen, a professor at Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos who is an expert on archaeology of the Peruvian coast but was not involved in the project, said the rope binding the lower extremities of the mummy is an example of the pattern seen in ceremonies. He cited another mummy found in a different area of Lima whose body was also tied with vegetable ropes.

The team of excavators worked the first months of this year collecting up to eight tons of garbage that covered the top of the hill, which is next to the training field and headquarters for the Sporting Cristal soccer club. Police also removed homeless people and drug addicts who camp out around the hill.

The hill, which has remains of ancient mud walls, was a "huaca," a Quechua word meaning oracle or sacred place. There are more than 400 huacas in Lima, according to the Ministry of Culture.

Mummies and other pre-Hispanic remains have been found in unusual places in the city. Workers installing natural gas lines or water mains have found mummies, sometimes children, inside large clay vessels.

In April, a centuries-old mummy of a child was unearthed in a funerary bundle underground at the Cajamarquilla archaeological site, just outside Lima. In 2022, archaeologists at the same site found six mummified children.

Earlier this year, Peruvian police found a man with a centuries-old mummy in his cooler bag. He said the mummy was his "spiritual girlfriend."

There are even cases of discoveries by residents, such as Hipólito Tica, who found three pre-Hispanic mummies in a hole in the patio of his house. He kept quiet about them for a quarter century until 2022 when they were removed by archaeologists with permission from Peru's Ministry of Culture.


An archaeologist excavates a pre-Hispanic mummy that was discovered next to a training field for a Peruvian professional soccer team in the El Rimac neighborhood of Lima, Peru, Thursday, June 15, 2023. MARTIN MEJIA / AP

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